Pliable shingle



June 292 1937. Q KUHN 2,085,555 u PLIABLE SHINGLE Filed July 13, 1951WITNEEE yy/p v www ATTHRNEYE Patented June 29, 1937 UNITED sTATEsPLIABLE SHINGLE Otto J. Kuhn, Syracuse, N. Y., assignor to BakeliteBuilding Products Co. Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware 1Claim.

This invention relates to an asphaltum or equivalent pliable shingle andto the method of laying similar shingles under what is commonly known asthe Dutch method in which the con- 5 tiguous ends of the shingles ofeach course are arranged in overlapping relation upon the roof boards orsiding of the building or upon a sublayer of waterproof materialextending from the lower edge of the roof or siding upwardly anindeterminate distance suicient to underly three or four courses of theshingles. v

Shingles laid under this method are usually rectangular and of greaterlength than width, to allow for the overlap and at the same time l5 toexpose greater areas of the shingles to the weather, which, of course,greatly expedites the workand correspondingly reduces the cost oflaying, but owing to this greater weather exposure it becomes necessaryto provide some 2 means other than the mere nailing of the shingles tothe roof for holding the free edges thereof against loosening underwinds and other climatic conditions.

In my pending application Serial No. 547,333

filed June 27th, 193-1, I 'have shown and described aspecic form ofmetal fastener for the purpose of securing overlapping portions of theshingles to each other, and while this'is highly eicient for thatpurpose, I have found that the method forming the subject matter of thepresent application is still more expeditious and economical and themain object of the instant invention is to incorporate the locking meansfor each shingle as a unitary part thereof and in such manner that theinterlocking ange or flap of each shingle is adapted to be broughtdirectly under the lower edge of the underlying portion of the adjacentshingle and at the same time form a gauge for determining the amount 40of lap of each shingle upon the adjacent end of the underlying shingle.

Other objects and uses relating to the specific parts of the shingle andto the method of laying the same will be brought out in the lfollowingdescription.

In tlie drawingz Figure 1 is a top plan of a portionof a roof or sidingequipped with my improved shingles, the right hand shingle of the uppercourse being shown in its initial position about to be interlocked withthe lower edge of the adjacent underlying shingle. i

Figure 2 is a face view of one of the detached shingles.

Application July 13, 1931, Serial No. 550,489

(Cl. 10S-7) Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional View taken in the plane ofline 3 3, Figure l.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of portions of several shingles partlybroken away to show more clearly the interlocking connections betweenthe lower edges of the overlapping portions thereof.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood, I have shownportions of a roof or siding A at least a portion of which is covered bya hashing strip or layer a of waterproof paper, felt, or equivalentmaterial, extending upwardly from the lower edge of the roof or siding,a distance sufficient to underlie three or four courses of theshingles", said ashing layer being preferably cemented to the roofboards, but may be additionally secured thereto by nails a' orequivalent fastening means, the object being to reduce the liability ofleakage of rain or snow which may be blown under the lower edge of thelowermost portions of the shingles.

It is intended, however, to lay the several courses of shingles inoverlapping relation in such manner as to not only reinforce their loweredges, but also to reduce to a minimum the liability of entrance of snoworrain underneath the same.

For this latter purpose, each shingle as l is of greater length thantransverse width, or in this instance about 16" long by l2" wide, andtogether with other similar shingles are cut from a relatively largesheet or roll of asphaltum composition or equivalent pliable waterproofmaterial of suitable thickness without waste, so that one end of theshingle is substantially rectangular, while the other ends of theopposite length- Wise edges are cut at equal angles thereto primarily toform what may be termed a triangular extension 2 at the lower left handcorner of the shingle as shown in Figure 2, leaving the opposite cornerbevelled at 3 at the same angle as the hypotenuse of the triangular flap2, it being understood that the opposite end edges of the shingle willbe parallel and at right angles to the lengthwise edges of therectangular end.

V After the shingleshave been blanked out in the manner shown in Figure2, the triangular flaps 2 are folded under the adjacent portion of themain body along the line of the .lower edge of the rectangular ends sothat the outer end edge'of the flap 2, when folded, will besubstantially coincident with the corresponding end edge of theremainingvportion of the shingle.

The length of the base of the triangular extension 2 and transversewidth of the outer edge thereof, may, of course, be varied at will, de-

pending somewhat upon the area of the shingle and upon the amount ofoverlap required for the ends of the shingles of each course, but forshingles of the size described, it is found that the length of the baseof the triangular extension should be approximately 4" while thetransverse width of the outer edge thereof should be about 2 more orless, depending somewhat upon the amount of required interlock of thefolded flap with the adjacent portion of the underlying shingle. p

It, of course, follows that whatever length or width the flap extension2 may be made, a corresponding complementary form and area of theopposite corner will be cut away to enable the shingles to be cut to therequired form without waste.

After the shingles have been cut to the form shown in Figure 2, thetriangular extension 2 is folded upwardly under the adjacent portion ofthe main body along the dotted line 2 which is coincident with the loweredge of the rectangular end of the shingle so that when the. shingles ofeach course are assembled end to end in overlapping relation, the foldedflap or extension 2 will be inserted under the lower edge of thepreceding shingle and then moved endwise until the inner end of the flapand also the inner end of the diagonal upper corner register with theright hand edge of the roof or siding toward the rlght hand edgeVthereof and to begin at the lower.

course and from the bottom upward. 'Ihat is,

the left hand shingle of the lower course is rst placed upon the uppersurface of the underlying portion of the flashing a, after the latterhas been properly secured to the roof boards. the lower edge of therectangular end of the shingle being registered with the lower edge ofthe roof, while the upwardly folded flap or extension 2 will be insertedbeneath the adjacent lower edge of the flashing to hold the lower edgeof this shingle against upward displacement by the elements.

'I'he next shingle of the same-course is then placed ilatwise upon theupper surface of the first shingle with its upwardly folded flange 2underlying the lower edge of said ilrst shingle, whereupon the secondshinglel will be moved endwise toward the right until the inner end ofthe flap 2 and diagonal c'orner 3 register with the rlght hand edge ofthe first laid shingle, thereby determining the amount of overlap of theleft hand end of the second named shingle upon the right hand end of thefirst laid shingle, it being understood that prior to the slidinginterlocking engagement of thel triangular flap 2 with the'lower edge ofthe Afirst laid shingle, the

right hand end of said first laid shingle will have been nailed to theunderlying portions of a roof to assist in holding said first laidshingle against loosening, and that the nails will be placed in suchposition as to be covered by the overlapping portion of the secondshingle out of the path of movement of the upper diagonal4 edge of theinterlocking flap.

In like manner, the right hand end of the second named shingle will benailed to the roofing,

followed by the placing of the third shingle in operative position uponthe second shingle with its upturned flap 2 interlocked with the loweredge of the said second shingle and then moved endwise to the rightuntil the inner end of the flap and corresponding inner end of thediagonal upper corner 3 register with the right hand end of the secondnamed shingle, these operations being repeated until the first course isiinished.

When laying the second course of shingles beginning at the left handedge of the roof, the rst left hand shingle of that course will beplaced upon the first laid shingle of the rst course with its lower edgeoverlapping upon the upper edge of said first laid shingle of the flrstcourse and its right hand end edge abutting against the left hand endedge of the second named shingle of the first course, the amount ofoverlap of the shingles of the second course upon the shingles of thefirst course being optional with the workman or owner and dependent uponthe amount of weather exposure previously determined.

After the first shingle of the second course has been placed in theposition just described and secured in place by nails 4 or equivalentfastening means near the lower edge of the underlapping portion, asshown in Figures 1, 3, and 4, the second shingle of the second course isthen placed upon the previously laid shingle of the same course with itsflap 2 interlocked with the lower edge of the underlying portion of thepreviously laid shingle and is then moved to the right until the righthand end of the flap 2 and diagonal corner 3 register with the righthand end of the first laid shingle of said second course, theseoperations being repeated until the second course is completed and theshingles of each course laid in a similar manner from left tomaterial,it is obvious that the upper left hand' corner of the shingle mightremain rectangular leaving only the triangular flap 2 at the lower lefthand corner of the shingle for interlocking connection with the adjacentportion of the underlying shingle without 'departing from the spirit oi'l the invention.

It is also evident that the form of the extension 2 might be variedwithin the scope of the invention so long as it serves the doublepurpose of an interlock with the adjacent portion of the underlyingshingle and also as a gauge to determine the amount of overlap of theends of the shingles of each course one upon the other.

It win be noted that this method of interlocking the shingles of theseveral courses with each other is specifically useful in connectionwith the Dutch method of'laying in which the adjacent ends of eachcourse are arranged in overlapping relation and the portions of eachshingle overlying the overlap are nailed to the roofing or siding insuch manner that the heads of thenails are concealed by the overlaps 'sothat when the upwardly folded flanges 2 are interlocked with theunderlying shingle, it will be sulciently close to the nailed portionsthereof to assure the retention of the vio overlapping shingle in placewithout the use of any nails in said overlapping portion.

It is to be understood, however* that the upper left hand cornerof eachshingle will be nailed to the-roof boards or siding in such manner thatvwhen the successive courses are' laid they will cover the end of thenails.

This method of laying the shingles is particularly expeditious andeconomical due to the tact that they upwardly folded extension flap 2 isfreely slidable imder the lower edge of the adjacent shingle anddetermines the "amount of end overlap of successive shingles of eachcourse aided by the diagonal corners l-which, of course, are covered bythe overlap of suoceive courses of the shingles.'

What I claim is:

t e incassa A surface covering of flexible shingles, said shingleshaving a retroverted locking tab of greater length lthan depth extendingfrom one end of their butt edge and having a notch of similar shape tothe tab in the opposite edge, at the same end 'of the shingle, saidshingles being laid in courses vwith the side edge of each shingleadjacentfits retroverted tab' laterally overlapping the opposite sideedge of an vadjacentshingle in thesamecourse,therebeingapairofspacedapart nails positioned longitudinallyadjacent the leadinsedgeofthetabandpassingthroughtheoverlapped shingleportion, said nails being sumciently close to the tab leading edge toassure retention of the overlapping shingle in place in assembly withoutthe use of nails on the overlapping portion.

